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What Happens Once a Case Is Selelected for Review

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  • Introduction
  • Victims' Correct to Review - Overview
  • Eligibility
  • Requesting a Review
  • The Review Procedure
  • Contacts
  • Annex A - Review Process
  • Addendum B - Timeframes
  • Annex C - Glossary of Terms
  • Annex D - Additional Resource - downloadable English language and Welsh versions of this guidance and policy

Introduction

  1. The Code for Crown Prosecutors gives guidance to prosecutors on the full general principles to exist applied when making decisions about prosecutions. Prosecutors must just beginning or continue a prosecution when a instance has passed both stages of the Total Lawmaking Test: (i) the evidential stage; followed by (ii) the public interest stage.The Lawmaking makes clear it is non the function of the Crown Prosecution Service (CPS) to determine whether a person is guilty of a criminal offence, only to make assessments well-nigh whether it is appropriate to present charges for the criminal court to consider. The CPS cess of a example is not in any sense a finding of, or implication of, guilt or criminal acquit. A finding of guilt tin only be fabricated by a court. Similarly, a decision not to bring criminal charges does not necessarily hateful that an individual has not been a victim of law-breaking. It is non the role of the CPS to make such determinations.

  1. It is instead the duty of prosecutors to make sure that the correct person is prosecuted for the right offence and to bring offenders to justice wherever possible. Casework decisions taken fairly, impartially and with integrity help to secure justice for victims, witnesses, suspects, defendants and the public. Prosecutors must ensure that the law is properly practical, that relevant show is put earlier the court and that obligations of disclosure are complied with.

  1. The Lawmaking for Crown Prosecutors sets out some wide definitions which are used in CPS casework and decision making. In summary:

    • 'Victim' is used to describe a person against whom an offence has been committed, or the complainant in a case beingness considered or prosecuted by the CPS;
    • 'Suspect' is used to draw a person who is under consideration equally the subject of formal criminal proceedings;
    • 'Accused' is used to draw a person who has been charged or summonsed; and
    • 'Offender' is used to describe a person who has admitted guilt as to the committee of an offence, or who has been establish guilty in a courtroom of law.

  1. Victims of crime and the public accept a legitimate expectation that those who commit offences will exist brought to justice. This expectation and the rights of victims cannot exist overridden by a doubtable's belief that they will not exist prosecuted, including where the suspect has been told that at that place will not be a prosecution or where a prosecution has been stopped. It is as well of import that victims have a correct to seek a review of a decision not to prosecute, without having to seek recourse to judicial review proceedings in the start instance.

  1. The Victims' Right to Review (VRR) scheme enables victims to seek a review of certain CPS decisions not to start a prosecution or to terminate a prosecution. It is an important safeguard in England and Wales in relation to the rule of law. The scheme was launched in 2013 and gives effect to the principles set out in the case of Killick (R 5 Christopher Killick [2011]). It is also an entitlement included in the Code of Do for Victims of Law-breaking.

  1. A request for review through the VRR scheme will commonly exist considered and completed by the appropriate local CPS part, or by CPS Direct (CPSD), where the original decision was made. A farther review, independent to the local area, may exist available through the CPS Appeals and Review Unit (ARU) within the Special Crime and Counter Terrorism Division (SCCTD), where applicable. The ARU is a national CPS unit of measurement staffed with experienced prosecutors who conduct an independent review of the cases referred to them.

  1. This guidance sets out how the VRR scheme works, who can request a review, what decisions tin can exist reviewed, how to request a review and the stages of review. A diagram setting out the review process can exist found at Annex A, VRR timeframes at Annex B and a glossary of terms is included at Annex C to help clarify any legal terminology.

Victims' Right to Review - Overview

  1. The VRR scheme provides a victim with a specifically designed process to practise the correct to review certain CPS decisions non to first a prosecution or to stop a prosecution. If a new decision is required, it may be advisable to institute or reinstitute criminal proceedings.

  1. The right to request a review of a conclusion not to prosecute under the VRR scheme applies to decisions that have the issue of being last fabricated by every Crown Prosecutor, regardless of their grade or position in the system. It is important to note that the "right" referred to in the context of the VRR scheme is the correct to request a review of a final determination. It is non a guarantee that proceedings will be instituted or reinstituted.

  1. Occasionally there are cases where the CPS will overturn a determination not to prosecute or to bargain with the case by way of an out-of-court disposal or when information technology volition restart the prosecution. These cases include:

    • cases where a farther review of the original determination shows that it was incorrect and, in gild to maintain conviction in the criminal justice arrangement, a prosecution should be brought despite the earlier decision;
    • cases which are stopped so that farther anticipated testify, which is likely to become available in the adequately near future, tin be collected and prepared. In these cases, the prosecutor volition tell the defendant that the prosecution may well start again;
    • cases which are not prosecuted or are stopped because of a lack of show just where more significant evidence is discovered later; and
    • cases involving a death in which a review following the findings of an inquest concludes that a prosecution should be brought, notwithstanding any earlier determination not to prosecute.

    Further, non-exhaustive, examples of cases that are reinstituted, and what might constitute a 'wrong decision' tin be found in the Reconsidering a Prosecution Decision policy.

  1. Prosecutors must comply with any guidelines issued past the Attorney General and with the policies and guidance of the CPS issued on behalf of the Managing director of Public Prosecutions, unless information technology is determined that there are good reasons or exceptional circumstances to depart from a policy statement in an individual case.1

Potential review outcomes

  1. Following a review under the scheme, qualifying decisions non to accuse, to discontinue, and to withdraw can exist instituted or reinstituted, subject to any statutory fourth dimension limits. There are ii possible review outcomes:

    • A New Decision: when the earlier determination is overturned - run across paragraph 10 higher up for some examples of circumstances where the CPS will overturn a conclusion not to prosecute or when it will reinstitute the prosecution.
    • Uphold Previous Decision: the original conclusion non to prosecute is upheld, and the victim notified and provided with an caption.

  1. Where the CPS qualifying decision has asked the Crown Court to allow all charges in a instance to 'lie on the fileii and the courtroom has so ordered, these cases cannot exist reinstituted without the leave of the Crown Court or the Court of Appeal. In the context of a VRR review, while these qualifying decisions volition notwithstanding be reviewed under the scheme, unless a significant change in circumstances has taken identify since the social club was made it is highly unlikely that a courtroom will grant exit to reinstitute. Redress is therefore likely to be limited to an caption and apology where the original decision is establish to have been incorrect.

  1. Some qualifying decisions cannot be instituted or reinstituted, such as 'offer no evidence' decisions and cases which become statute barred.3 This is because such decisions are final, and proceedings cannot be reinstituted; again, redress in these circumstances is express to an explanation and amends.

  1. It is of import to note that although such cases cannot be instituted or reinstituted, the quality and thoroughness of the review undertaken will be no less than a review undertaken for whatever other category of case. The important issue being addressed in these cases is whether the original qualifying decision was wrong.

Eligibility

Victims

  1. 'Criminal conduct' is behaviour constituting a criminal offence under the National Criminal offence Recording Standard. A victim for the purposes of the VRR scheme is defined as follows:

    'a person who has made an allegation that they have suffered impairment, including physical, mental or emotional damage or economic loss which was straight acquired by criminal bear'.

    The scope of those affected, and defined as a victim, can include:

    • close relatives of a person whose death was direct acquired past criminal acquit;
    • parents or guardians where the main victim is a child or youth under xviii;four
    • police officers who are victims of crime;
    • family spokespersons of victims with a disability or who are so badly injured they cannot communicate; and
    • businesses, providing they give a named point of contact.

  1. At that place are no age restrictions in respect of those entitled to seek a review under the VRR scheme. However, if someone wishes to submit a request for review on behalf of a victim and they exercise not autumn within i of the definitions listed above, written confirmation that they have the authorization of the victim to act on their behalf must be provided.

Decisions

  1. The right to request a review nether the VRR scheme arises where the CPS:

    • makes a final conclusion not to bring proceedings (i.e. at the pre-charge stage)
    • discontinues or withdraws all charges5 involving the victim, thereby entirely catastrophe all proceedings relating to them;
    • has offered no prove in all proceedings relating to the victim; or
    • asks the court to get out all charges in the proceedings to 'lie on the file'.

    These are known as 'qualifying decisions' and are decisions that have the effect of being final.

  1. Decisions that are not eligible for VRR include:

    1. where the qualifying decision was made prior to 5 June 2013;
    2. where the CPS has non made a decision that has the outcome of being final at the pre-charge phase;
    3. where the police force or other investigator exercises their independent discretion not to investigate or not to investigate a case farther (whether in consultation with the CPS or not) and the CPS have not been requested / take been unable to make a final decision to accuse. Requests for review of such decisions should instead be addressed to the relevant police force/other investigator;
    4. where charges are brought in respect of some (but non all) allegations made or confronting some (but non all) possible suspects;
    5. where a single charge or charges are terminated6 simply another charge or charges relating to that victim keep;
    6. where proceedings against one (or more) defendants are terminated but proceedings (relating to that victim) against other defendants continue;
    7. where a single charge or charges are substantially altered only proceedings involving that victim continue;
    8. cases where some (merely non all) charges are left to lie on the file;
    9. cases which are ended by way of out of court disposal7;
    10. cases where the victim requests that proceedings be stopped or withdraws support for the prosecution and a determination is therefore taken non to charge/to terminate proceedings. If a victim does not nourish court to requite evidence when required and without providing reasonable discover, and a prosecution can no longer proceed, this can be inferred as withdrawing support for the prosecution unless there are exceptional circumstances; and
    11. cases which are brought to an end in circumstances where the prosecution may have a right of appeal8 or where a determination is fabricated not to oppose an application to dismiss charges pursuant to Dominion 9.16 of the Criminal Process Rules 2015.

    VRR is likewise non available in cases where the Director of Public Prosecutions personal conclusion is required by law.

  1. Cases which are not charged or are stopped and take the effect of being last decisions due to outstanding inquiries or information or fabric that has been requested from the investigator by the prosecutor simply not received, tin be subject area to review nether the VRR scheme simply is limited to the local resolution stage (please see paragraph forty beneath for more data on local resolution). Such cases may be reinstituted, in accordance with the 'Reconsidering a Prosecution Decision' policy, should the material become available during the local resolution phase review and if the Full Code test is and so met. If the fabric becomes available during this review, but the Area nevertheless upholds the original conclusion for further evidential or public interest reasons, only then will the conclusion get eligible for independent review past the ARU.

Engagement of conclusion

  1. The VRR scheme is non retrospective in its application and will simply be applied to cases in which the qualifying decision was fabricated on or afterward the 5 June 2013 (the engagement the VRR scheme was launched).

  1. Divide arrangements are in place for decisions made before 5 June 2013 in relation to allegations of child sexual corruption. In such cases, the Child Sexual Corruption Review Panel looks again at cases where a person has made previous allegations of existence a victim of a sexual offence when they were under the age of 18, and the police or CPS decided that no action should be taken at the time. If the conclusion in relation to allegations of child sexual abuse was taken on or after five June 2013, a review tin exist requested under the VRR scheme. Farther data is available at the Child Sexual Abuse Review Panel page, on the CPS website.

Complaints

  1. If it is considered that the request for review does not fall inside the telescopic of the VRR scheme, it may exist more appropriate to handle the request as a complaint, and in line with the CPS Feedback and Complaints policy. In that location is a six-calendar month time limit for bringing a complaint under the policy in all but the most infrequent circumstances. Complaints should ever be managed at the local CPS office or CPSD, and non referred to ARU, unless the complaint relates to the ARU handling of the case.

  1. If some elements of the victim'southward request constitute a complaint, while other elements autumn within scope of the VRR scheme, it will not always be necessary to await the outcome of the review nether the VRR scheme for the complaint to be considered and a response provided. Nonetheless, if there is an overlap, and it is assessed that the VRR must exist completed first, the victim will be informed that the matter existence dealt with as a complaint volition be addressed at the cease of the VRR process.

Individual Prosecutions

  1. Where the CPS deems that a VRR is bachelor in respect of a qualifying conclusion fabricated in accordance with the CPS Individual Prosecutions policy (e.yard. where a prosecution has been taken over by the CPS and discontinued or stopped), the independent review volition be based on the material that was provided to the prosecutor who made the original qualifying decision. However, the reviewing prosecutor retains the right to asking more fabric, every bit considered necessary.

Requesting a Review

How and when to request a review

  1. Victims will be notified of the prosecution decision non to bring proceedings/bring proceedings to an end. Where an investigator is responsible for notifying a victim of a decision non to bring proceedings, the investigator will propose the victim of their right to review on behalf of the CPS. This notification will include the following information:

    1. the nature of the decision - i.due east. not to accuse or to discontinue proceedings; and
    2. whether the decision was made on evidential or public involvement or other grounds.

  1. If the conclusion is a 'qualifying decision' (defined higher up at paragraph 18), the notification will confirm that the victim is eligible to seek a review under the VRR scheme and volition provide sufficient information to enable the victim to decide whether or not they wish a review to accept place, and if and so, what steps they need to take. Any person wishing to request a review of a determination, but who is unsure of how to do so, should contact their local CPS function for further information.

  1. There is no requirement for a victim to seek legal communication or representation or to provide reasons for requesting a review. The simply action a victim demand have is to notify the CPS of their request for review, inside the agreed fourth dimension frame. Any representations which are made volition exist considered but should be submitted within fourteen days of the request for review. Victims will exist provided with contact details of the relevant CPS office in order that they tin make contact by their preferred means.

  1. Suspects are non routinely informed that a asking has been made for review under the VRR scheme. This is to preserve confidentially for a victim as the suspect volition accept been released from any bond atmospheric condition or obligations. However, suspects should accept been informed by the police that a prosecution may notwithstanding exist brought if further evidence or information comes to light, or if the decision is reconsidered past a Crown Prosecutor who determines that a new decision is required.

Timeframes

  1. A asking for a review should commonly be made within ten working days of the date of the determination letter. Requests may be submitted afterward 10 working days, although a filibuster may bear upon negatively on the outcome of the decision-making process. Furthermore, requests made more than iii months afterward the qualifying decision was communicated are unlikely to be accepted unless there are infrequent circumstances. While non an exhaustive list, exceptional circumstances may include when a victim has not been notified of their right to review, or has been given incorrect information virtually the timeframes.

  1. The CPS volition, wherever possible, complete the review and communicate the decision to the victim within an overall review timeframe of 30 working days. In cases where it is not possible to provide a VRR conclusion within the usual timeframes, for case in more than complex cases, the CPS will notify the victim accordingly. Regular updates will be provided as to the progress of the review, although these volition not exist more than frequent than every 20 working days thereafter, until a final decision is fabricated. A summary of these timeframes can be found at Annex B.

  1. Where a case is due to get statute-barred before the VRR period expires, the CPS will aim to expedite the VRR process and provide a decision within the statutory time period, if possible. The date when the example will go statute barred will be identified and communicated to the victim when the qualifying decision is communicated and so that the deadline is clear. Information technology should be noted that where a example is referred for review on a engagement close to the death of the statutory time limit, it may not always be possible for a review to be completed inside the time limit for bringing a prosecution.

Meeting with Victims

  1. In some circumstances, victims are entitled to request a coming together with their local CPS office or CPSD to hash out a qualifying decision, before requesting a review under the VRR scheme. This tin include cases involving sexual offences, cases where deaths take occurred and cases involving hate crimes. A meeting can sometimes aid a victim to amend understand the decision making procedure and the reasons for a conclusion, and will negate the requirement for a review under the VRR scheme. However, there are circumstances where a meeting may not be advisable or helpful. If the Prosecutor is of the view that a coming together is not appropriate at that stage, for example, where a review under the VRR scheme has already been requested or is anticipated, the reasons should be explained to victim and if possible any meeting deferred until after the VRR has been completed, if still required.

  1. This is because there are limitations around what can be discussed at a meeting with victims earlier a review under the VRR scheme has been completed. For case, discussing show in a case could be prejudicial, should the decision subsequently exist overturned following a review under the VRR scheme. These limitations can prevent any further meaningful data being provided. A meeting later on a review under the VRR scheme has been completed is probable to be more beneficial to a victim, when restrictions around what tin be openly discussed have fallen away.

  1. If a victim requests a meeting before requesting a VRR, they should be advised that if they are considering a request for review under the VRR scheme, any meeting should be deferred until after the VRR has been completed. Once a review nether the VRR scheme has been completed any coming together should be conducted by the local CPS part or CPSD that made the original decision.

The Review Process

  1. The VRR scheme can include 2 stages of review:

    • firstly, a local resolution stage where reviews are conducted by a new prosecutor at the appropriate local CPS office or CPSD where the original decision was fabricated;9
    • secondly, (if the original conclusion not to prosecute is upheld), if eligible, a review contained from the local CPS office where the original conclusion was made, conducted past the ARU.

    If the original conclusion was made by a prosecutor in a Cardinal Casework Sectionalization (CCD) a review will be conducted by another prosecutor in the CCD with no previous involvement in the case, or another suitably qualified prosecutor who has the necessary specialist knowledge.

    A procedure diagram can be found at Annex A.

  1. The type of qualifying decision being reviewed and the original decision maker will determine the correct review pathway. The tabular array below provides a summary and sets out the corresponding review.

    Qualifying Conclusion Decision Maker Review
    • Not to accuse;
    • Discontinue;
    • Withdraw; or
    • Lie on the file.

    Chief Crown Prosecutors10

    Straight to Independent Review by ARU.

    Central Casework Divisions

    Well-nigh reviews will be handled within the Central Casework Sectionalization, with no onward ARU review. The Head of Division may appoint a prosecutor (usually) from their own Segmentation who has not been involved in the original conclusion. No local resolution stage.

    Surface area CPS Prosecutors

    Local Resolution, and then Independent Review by ARU (unless weather condition at paragraph 20 apply and Independent Review is not available).
    • To offering no evidence; or
    • If the statutory time limit has expired.

    Master Crown Prosecutors

    Allocated to some other senior prosecutor inside CPS who was non involved in original determination, with no onward ARU review.

    Central Casework Divisions

    Most reviews will exist handled inside the Fundamental Casework Sectionalisation, with no onward ARU review. The Caput of Division may appoint a prosecutor (usually) from their own Division who has non been involved in the original decision.

    Expanse CPS Prosecutors

    Chief Crown Prosecutor

    Deputy Primary Crown Prosecutor.

  1. In accordance with established CPS policies, if a instance is of a nature whereby, decisions are to exist taken by specialists in a detail legal field (eastward.g. rape and serious sexual offences) the review will besides be conducted by a relevant specialist.

  1. Any qualifying decision taken by a CPS Director of Legal Services (DLS) will unremarkably be referred straight to another DLS who has non been involved in the original decision, for review. In improver, at that place may exceptionally be particularly sensitive or circuitous VRR cases where the DLS or Manager of Public Prosecutions (DPP) are consulted past the Caput of SCCTD or where they ask to be consulted or to undertake the independent review, at their discretion and in accordance with our established decision making arrangements. To ensure the independence of review, this tin can only happen if the DLS and/or DPP has had no involvement in the initial decision. There is no right for a victim to asking a review by the DLS or the Manager of Public Prosecutions.

Local Resolution

  1. At the local resolution phase, for qualifying decisions non to charge, discontinue, withdraw or prevarication on the file, the local CPS role or CPSD should assign a new prosecutor, non previously involved in the original qualifying decision, to bear the local resolution review.

  1. If the review event at this stage is that proceedings should exist instituted or reinstituted, appropriate procedures will be followed and the victim updated.

  1. If the review outcome is to uphold the original decision not to prosecute, the victim volition be provided with boosted information or a further explanation, and advised that if they remain dissatisfied with the decision they should contact the ARU to request an independent review.eleven Contact details volition exist provided together with guidance every bit to how to proceed, should they wish to. Victims should make this request within ten working days from receipt of the local resolution review conclusion. Once the contained review has been finalised, the victim volition exist given a total explanation of the decision.

  1. For qualifying decisions to offer no show, the review should exist conducted by a CCP or a Deputy Chief Crown Prosecutor (DCCP) within the local CPS function. If the 'offer no evidence' qualifying decision was originally made by a CCP, the review should be allocated to another senior prosecutor within CPS who was non involved in original conclusion. The same approach should be taken with cases which go statute barred after a qualifying decision has been made but before a review is requested or completed. In these circumstances, there is no further review past the ARU.

Review of CCD cases

  1. Where a conclusion has been taken within a CCD, a review will exist conducted by another CCD prosecutor who has non been involved in the original decision or another suitably qualified prosecutor who has the necessary specialist knowledge.

  1. This different system is necessary considering the nature of the prosecutions undertaken in the CCDs may mean that in well-nigh cases a prosecutor with experience of the particular specialism in question would exist best placed to acquit the review. Following a review within the CCD, there is no further review past the ARU.

Alter in circumstances

  1. When a new decision is taken post-obit review under the VRR scheme, and a prosecution has been instituted or reinstituted, the prosecution may just be subsequently stopped exceptionally if at that place is a change of circumstances in the case, for example where new evidence or a loss of evidence means that the Total Code Test is no longer met. If such circumstances arise, the case will be referred dorsum to the ARU (unless impracticable, e.g. during a trial) to consider whether to stop the prosecution. If the ARU decide to stop the prosecution, there is no recourse to a further review under the VRR scheme.

Judicial review

  1. Following the conclusion of the VRR process, there is no telescopic for whatsoever further review by the CPS. If the victim remains dissatisfied with the determination, and/or wishes to challenge it further, then the victim should consider the merits of applying to the Loftier Court for a judicial review of the decision. There is probable to exist an expectation that a review under the VRR scheme volition have been exercised before any judicial review of a qualifying decision is commenced.

Contacts

  1. If anyone would similar to ask a question virtually the VRR scheme, in the beginning case they should contact the CPS Surface area office where the original qualifying decision was fabricated. The contact details will have been provided when the CPS informed you lot that the determination had been fabricated. If yous do non have these details, please visit the CPS website's Contacts section.

  1. The CPS public enquiry helpdesk can provide general information about the CPS and advice on who to contact if you take a specific query. The team cannot give legal advice, merely may exist able to provide applied information. Delight do not contact the public enquiry helpdesk about specific cases. You can contact the public enquiry helpdesk on:

    Phone: 020 3357 0899
    Email: enquiries@cps.gov.uk

    CPS Public Enquiries
    102 Little French republic
    London
    SW1H 9EA

Addendum A - Review Process

The type of qualifying decision beingness reviewed and the original decision maker will make up one's mind the correct review pathway.

Annex B - Timeframes

A broad summary of related VRR timeframes can exist found below. Delight refer to paragraphs 30-32 for more data.

Phase Timescale

Victim asking for review

Submitted within ten working days of the date of the decision letter of the alphabet.

Local resolution

Completed within 10 working days of receiving a request for review.

Victim request for independent review (where available)

Within x working days from receipt of the local resolution review conclusion.

Independent review

Completed within 20 working days of receiving a asking for review.

Communicate final review outcome

The CPS will, wherever possible, complete the review and communicate the decision to the victim within an overall review timeframe of xxx working days.

For cases which are reviewed by a CCP, DCCP or other senior prosecutor or where CCD decisions are reviewed within a CCD by some other senior prosecutor, a review will be completed within 30 working days.

In all cases where it is non possible to provide a VRR decision within the usual timeframes, for instance in more complex cases, the CPS will notify the victim accordingly. Regular updates will be provided as to the progress of the review, although these will not be more frequent than every xx working days thereafter, until a final decision is made.

Annex C - Glossary of Terms

ARU

Appeals and Review Unit.

CCD

Central Casework Division.

CCP

Principal Crown Prosecutor.

CPS

Crown Prosecution Service.

DCCP

Deputy Master Crown Prosecutor.

Decision not to accuse

When a prosecutor has decided that a person should not be charged with a criminal offence, in accordance with the Code for Crown Prosecutors.

Decision to discontinue

Sections 23 and 23A of the Prosecution of Offences Human activity 1985 give prosecutors the ability to discontinue or stop proceedings.

Determination to lie on file

In the Crown Courtroom the approximate has the power to order that entire indictments or some counts on an indictment to 'lie on the file'. In that location is no verdict, and then the proceedings are not formally terminated. There can be no further proceedings against the defendant on those matters, without the leave of the Crown Court or the Court of Appeal.

Decision to withdraw

To withdraw a charge at a Magistrates court. Offences tin be withdrawn by the prosecutor in the Magistrates' court (just) at any fourth dimension before adjudication by the courtroom.

Independent Review

A review, contained to the local CPS area role, conducted past CPS Appeals and Review Unit of measurement (ARU).

Institute

To begin a prosecution if a prosecution has not previously commenced.

Local Resolution

Local review phase, considered and completed by the advisable local CPS role, or CPS Direct (CPSD) where the original decision was made.

Offer no prove

A prosecutor may offer no bear witness in either Magistrates' Courtroom or Crown Court proceedings and the effect will be the acquittal of the defendant.

Qualifying Decisions

Decisions eligible for review under VRR.

Reinstitute

To re-start a prosecution if a prosecution had previously commenced.

Statute Barred

An offence where the statutory time limit for bringing criminal proceedings has expired and information technology is no longer possible for a person to be prosecuted for that offence. Offences which carry a statutory time limit are usually less serious offences in which criminal proceedings must exist commenced within six months of the date of the offence.

VRR

Victims' Right to Review.

Annex D - Additional Resources

PDF versions of the guidance contained on this page can be downloaded beneath, available in English language and Welsh.

Detailed Guidance on VRR:

Victims' Right to Review Guidance and Policy, May 2021 Revision (PDF document, 312kb)

Ganllawiau manwl ar VRR:

Ganllaw a Pholisi Hawl Dioddefwyr i Adolygu (diwygiwyd Mai 2021) (Dogfen PDF, 169kb)

mcauleyanardeakin.blogspot.com

Source: https://www.cps.gov.uk/legal-guidance/victims-right-review-scheme

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